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TEETH WHITENING
The teeth color depends on their composition, structure and composition’s depth (dentin, enamel). Together with time, external and internal factors cause teeth staining.
External causes:
- Drinking café, colas, tea, red wine or eating heavily pigmented foods or smoking
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Poor oral hygiene
- Age and accumulations on the surface (plaque) can have bad effects on teeth color, which is limited or completely removed by brushing teeth regularly and especially removing tartar regularly in dental clinic.
- Ill genetics to form teeth structure. Enamel and dentin disease
- Too much fluoride during teeth formation (from birth to 5 years old) that causes mottled teeth.
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The abuse of antibiotics (Tetracycline) during teeth formation.
- Teeth injuries
- Inflamed pulp
Teeth whitening is good and safe solution to fairly or slight stains
Types of teeth whitening:
There are 2 types of teeth whitening: in-office bleaching and at-home bleaching.
In-office bleaching:
Whitening products usually contain 22-38% Carbamide Peroxide and 15-20% Hydrogen peroxide together with energy from whitening light.
Perioxide-containing whiteners in high concentration are applied to the teeth and activated by energy from whitening light. At present, there are the following whitening light in the world: Halogen Plasma Laser, Zoom. These lights are different in high or low energy, absorption, length of time, temperature. The average length of time for in-office bleaching is about 30-90 minutes, depending on bleaching system, whiteners, light. Whiteners are activated by light, which makes 3-8 shade whiter according to each case.
Side effects: tooth sensitivity (numb) occurs in very short time when whiteners are applied, which will reduce gradually in several hours or days. The dentist can ask you to take anesthesia before of after bleaching. Gum irritation causes burning and slightly abrasive gum, which will reduce after several hours.
At-home bleaching
- Whitening toothpastes
- Whitening trips
- Paint-on teeth whitening
Whitening toothpastes help remove surface stains through the action of mild abrasives with polishing agents and special chemicals. Toothpastes do not alter the intrinsic color of teeth but remove surface stains
Normally, toothpastes only lighten one more shade whereas whitening agents enhanced by light can lighten more 3-8 shades.
Hydrogen peroxide-containing whiteners help remove surface (extrinsic) and deep (intrinsic) stains and bleach the teeth.
Whiteners are applied to the surface with brush applicator or pasted on teeth as a strip.
At-home bleaching with whitening gel and mouth tray that is created for each patient. You will choose model for your own mouth tray. Mouth tray created for each patient always make comfort and pleasantness when wearing.
At-home bleaching with mouth tray
At-home whiteners contain 10-22% Carbamide peroxide and 3-6% Hydrogen peroxide.
You will wear mouth tray all day for 4 weeks or more depending on each case.
For Tetracycline stained teeth, it is difficult for treatment because teeth take an effect on whiteners slowly, which limits the result. However, if patiently treated with dentist’s control, in-office bleaching with light in cooperation with at-home tray bleaching for 3-6 months may lead to good result. Bleaching for a long time should be controlled by dentist due to safety and effectiveness.
- Whiteners do not damage or weaken teeth. Its mechanism is to use deoxygenation reaction to release pure oxy and cut color protein chains in teeth, which makes us no longer see the color in natural light. It does not bring any factors of teeth or damage enamel at all.
Researches observed with electronic microscope give the same results that are no remarkable changes in enamel surface as well as composition of enamel structure before and after bleaching with limited concentration. Numb phenomenon during and after bleaching often makes patients worried about teeth abrasion. Nevertheless, it is temporary and stops right after the end of treatment.
2 major types of whitening products: Hydrogen peroxide and Carbamide peroxide in different concentrations are produced by lots of firms with different ingredients. To keep safe, do not use whitening products without clear origins, labels. In addition, please check their expiry date, ask your dentist for advices and follow them. For concentration and period of application, higher concentration of whiteners is, shorter length of treatment is. However, concentration is always limited in safe level to preserve teeth from gum irritation. The dentist will base on patients’ teeth status to choose proper concentration. For teeth with dead pulp, higher concentration can be used.
Some cases are not effective because there are many reasons influencing effectiveness such as:
- Quality of dentin depth, deep stains, teeth sensitivity lead to slow and few discoloration.
- Bleaching is not effective due to age
- Bleaching is not recommended in children under the age of 16. The pulp chamber is enlarged until the age. Teeth whitening could irritate the pulp or cause it to become sensitive or cause periodontal disease, teeth decay, gum lifting, numb teeth.
- Decay teeth, abrasive tooth neck and gum disease should be treated before bleaching. Fillings, crowns, present dentures don not take effect during bleaching. After treatment, color of natural teeth can be whiter than dentures. At least 2 weeks after bleaching, dentist can replace caps, crowns, bridges, old dentures, which helps teeth have the same color
- Being allergic to ingredients of whiteners (peroxide).
- Teeth whitening is also not recommended in pregnant or lactating women.
Smoking patients will be warned about teeth whitening effects if they do not stop smoking at least in treatment period.
Patients who are overexpected to absolute white teeth are always not satisfied with whitening results. For all bleaching methods, results are often different in each person because it depends on teeth status, natural teeth color, effectiveness, sensitivity. Also, it depends on period of treatment and cooperation between patients and dentists.
Patients directly perform at-home bleaching under dentist’s instruction. At-home bleaching should be performed everyday together with diet of little strong colored food and drink and no smoking until the treatment finishes. Following the diet plays an important part because colorings and smoke inhibit whiteners’ effectiveness.
It depends on nature and structure of enamel and dentin, status and the diet of each person. If you expose your teeth to a lot of staining, your teeth star to fade earlier. Mostly, color is stable after 2 weeks of bleaching and during 6 months – 1st year. Then its stability reduces but it is still brighter than that before. Some people can keep the color in 3-4 years.
How to maintain the color after bleaching?
Whitening result is not eternal. Here are some tips for maintaining your newly whitened teeth: Limit strong colored food and drink.
Use a straw to drink to avoid colorings contacting incisors. Brush and rinse immediately after consuming stain-causing beverages or foods. Oral hygiene: brush your teeth at least twice a day. Use dental floss once a day. Use whitening toothpastes only once or twice a week to remove surface stains. Use normal toothpastes containing fluoride in the rest of time. Take regular dental check-ups once 6 months or once a year for general examination and evaluation of teeth color. If necessary, bleaching is performed with maintaining remedy. If you consume food and drink with lots of colorings or smoke, you should take teeth whitening more regular. Nature of teeth without bleaching also becomes yellow due to age and diet.
Presently Hanoi Dentistry supplies 2 whitening methods depends on shade of discoloration:
1 - Quick in-office bleaching with Zoom light within an hour
For yellowish-hued enamel
2 - At-home tray bleaching in the period of 2-6 weeks
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